Disturbing movie 'Do Bigha Zameen'

 

Even if we only remember some classic films in the history of Hindi cinema, a very eloquent and effective poster of that film, the theme of that film, the social content of that film and the long-term impression of that film on the society and film lovers all come to mind. There have been many such masterpieces in the history of Indian cinema and that is why I feel that in the course of world cinema Hindi cinema has created a distinct identity, dominance, existence and one such film is “Do Bigha Zameen” produced and directed by Bimal Roy of Bimal Roy Productions. (Do Bigha Zamin)

The film was released in Mumbai on 16 January 1953. Seventy-one years have now been completed since the release of this film. It is the director's greatest achievement that even after such a long period, the entire film comes to mind with its poster as soon as the name of the film is mentioned. Bimal Roy has given variety to the fans through his directorial films like 'Do Bigha Zamin', 'Devdas', 'Parineeta', 'Yehudi', 'Madhumati', 'Sujata', 'Parakh' and others. The impact of each of these films on the fans continues to this day. This is the strength of the director. It is remarkable that these films have an impact even across four or five generations of fans. Quality artworks are always 'of today'. They never expire. Bimal Roy's specialty is that he started his career as an assistant cameraman under Nitin Bose at the New Theater in Bengal.

Film scholars of the previous generation said that the film 'Do Bigha Zamin' (Do Bigha Zamin) was inspired by the Italian neorealist film. The film won the President's Award for Best Film. Received an award at the 7th International Film Festival in Cannes. Although the story of this film is actually from that time, it can be a hit on the social situation even today. The film came within six years of independence. And it's disturbing. An effective film on the theme of how a farmer in a village in Bengal becomes a rabbit hole and when he is hit by drought, Shambhu Mahato (Balraj Sahni) struggles to survive and cope with life.

Shambhu Mahato (Balraj Sahni) lives with his wife Paru (Nirupa Roy), son Kanhaiya (Ratankumar) and elderly father Gangu (Nana Palashikar) in a village in West Bengal, where there is no rain for two years, leaving the family with no choice but to cope with the drought. . In such dire conditions, industrialization was slow in some big cities of the country in the first decades after independence and at that time many people from villages in different parts of the country wanted to live in cities. His dream was that after moving to the city, he would get some jobs, earn a good income and send that money back to his village for his family. In the same sumara, the village landlord Thakur Hashnamsingh gives a piece of land for an industrial development, in the middle of which there is Shambhu's land, and that land also needs to be given to the factory. Shambhu has a clear disapproval for this. There is already a drought and his question is what will happen to us if we give away the land like this. But Thakur's ambition for this land and Shambhu's rejection of it so strongly creates a new conflict.

Shambhu is simple, simple, poor, living an upright life. It is also given by the same Thakur that there is a debt on his head. Paying that debt, saving the land, recovering it by increasing the amount of the loan and carrying all the mountain on his head for three months is a big question, and then he comes to Kolkata to get the money. Shambhu Mahato comes to Kolkata with the hope that we will do some small and big work there and the money we get from it will enable us to live our family and pay off our debts. Attacks in Kolkata, then pulls a rickshaw to bring people, once unfortunately the rickshaw falls and cracks Shambhu's sole. Shambhu's son Kanhaiyalal also continues to earn money by polishing shoes and giving the money to the village, but he creates a misunderstanding between father and son and Shambhu Mahato faces another new problem. Shambhu tries to move on the virtues of hard work and honesty. But the boy steals and brings fifty rupees, at that time Shambhu kills him, while Paro comes to Calcutta in search of Shambhu and runs away from there when she finds him in the clutches of a mwala and unfortunately falls under the motor and falls unconscious. Coincidentally, Shambhu and her meet. Paro's treatment starts, her son Kanhaiya comes there but he thinks that his mother had an accident because of his theft. But all the money these two have collected is spent on Paro's treatment and all three come to the village in a different lost state of mind. The theme of this movie is that Shambhu's land is auctioned due to non-payment of loan on time. (Do Bigha Zamin)

Balraj Sahni's performance as Shambhu was very impressive. There is hard work, struggle, pain on this face. All this can be seen on their expressions. This role can be seen as one of the best examples of acting. An anecdote is told that during the shooting, Balraj Sahni, who was pulling a rickshaw, was mistaken for a rickshaw puller and someone put a 'Duanni' on his hand. This is the success of this acting and actors. Another peculiarity is that old, used clothes that fit this poor peasant family were forcibly brought from the flea market and buried in the soil. Nirupa Roy was made to scrape and wash those clothes. A single film was worked on so deeply.

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Interestingly, this film won the Filmfare Best Film and Best Director award. The film's story and music are by Salil Chaudhary and songs are by Shailendra. The song "Aa Ja Re Nindia Tu Aa" is sung on Meenakumari in the film. I remember during the decade there used to be Marathi films on Saturday evenings and Hindi films on Sunday evenings and there was some experimentation at that time and “Ek Mahina Ek Direksha” happened in 1976. In one month B. R. Films like 'Naya Daur', 'Gumrah' etc. directed by Chopra In a month Madhumati, Parakh, Devdas and Do Bigha Zameen directed by Bimal Roy were released. At that time I saw this film on Doordarshan and considering the story of the film, black and white format is suitable for it. Of course, during that time films were made in black and white. The pain, optimism, struggle, struggle in this film are all more effective in black and white form. That's why I often think, don't colorize the original black and white film with technical ease. The spirit of its content is likely to be suffocated. 'The color of the subject is important', he says in this film.

Even today farmers' suicide is the biggest social issue but it needs a screenwriter and a director to portray it in such a penetrating or effective manner. It is important to take the audience into confidence while presenting a film by going deep into the original question and getting the details about it, and for a film on a social issue of this type, it is necessary that an artist should put in the same amount of effort as an artist." This focus on the completion of seventy-one years of "Do Bigha Zameen".

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